Aberdeen, SCT - Postcode - AB10 1AU - Post Codes & Zip Codes List

Aberdeen

As the third most populous settlement in all of Scotland, the city of Aberdeen is a significant economic and cultural hub in the region of North East Scotland. With an anticipated population of 198,590 for the city of Aberdeen and 227,560 for the local council area by the year 2020, Aberdeen is expected to rank as the United Kingdom's 39th most populous urban area. Location: 93 miles (150 kilometers) northeast of Edinburgh and 398 miles (641 kilometers) north of London; northernmost major city in the United Kingdom. Aberdeen is located on a long stretch of sandy coast and experiences a temperate maritime climate with mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers due to its proximity to the ocean. 

Many of the structures constructed in Aberdeen between the middle of the 18th and the middle of the 20th centuries used grey granite from nearby quarries.

Aberdeen has been known as the "offshore oil capital of Europe" ever since oil was discovered in the North Sea in 1969. It is estimated that people have been living in the area around Aberdeen for at least the past 6,000 years, thanks to the discovery of ancient settlements near the river mouths of the Dee and Don. 

David I of Scotland (1124-1153) granted Aberdeen the title of Royal Burgh, which sparked an economic boom. The oil industry and the port of Aberdeen have supplanted the city's traditional industries, such as fishing, papermaking, shipbuilding, and textiles. Aberdeen's seaport is the largest in the north-east of Scotland, and its heliport is among the busiest commercial heliports in the world. Robert Gordon University, established in the Garthdee neighborhood in 1992, is the younger of Aberdeen's two universities; the older University of Aberdeen was established in 1495 in Old Aberdeen.

Aberdeen was the only city in Scotland to receive this honor from HSBC in 2012, when the bank named it a "super city" and a leading economic center for the United Kingdom. Aberdeen was named by card payment company Paymentsense as the UK's best city to launch a business in 2018.

Geography

Despite its strategic location between two river mouths, the city's bedrock is not particularly exposed. The oil industry has brought a large number of geoscientists to the area, but they still only have a sketchy idea of what lies beneath the city, leaving local geologists in a bit of a bind. Coastal cliffs to the south reveal high-grade Grampian Group metamorphic rocks; to the southwest and west, extensive granites intrude into similar high-grade schists; and to the north, gabbroic complexes intrude the metamorphics.

Very limited geophysical work, along with building-related and riverbank exposures, and the presence of Devonian "Old Red" sandstones and silts all point to the site being located on an inlier. The city expanded past the (inferred) limits of the outlier onto the surrounding metamorphic/igneous complexes formed during the Dalradian period (approximately 480-600 million years ago), with sporadic areas of igneous Diorite granites to be found, such as at the Rubislaw quarry, which was used to construct much of the Victorian parts of the city.

Aberdeen's coastline consists of two rivers, the Dee and the Don, and a long stretch of sandy beach between them that transitions into high sand dunes to the north of the Don and stretches as far as Fraserburgh. To the south of the Dee are steep rocky cliff faces with only minor pebble and shingle beaches in deep inlets. Several granite cliffs on the south coast have been quarried in the past, providing excellent rock climbing and stunning views.

South of the River Dee, the city of Aberdeen encompasses the former burghs of Old Aberdeen, New Aberdeen, Woodside, and the Royal Burgh of Torry, for a total area of 185.7 km2 (71.7 sq mi). This resulted in a population density of 1,225 per square kilometer in 2017. The city sprawls across a number of hills, with Castle Hill, St. Catherine's Hill, and Windmill Hill serving as its original nexuses.

Economy

Aberdeen has a rich industrial history that includes fishing, textile manufacturing, shipbuilding, and paper making. The need for these sectors has largely been met by others. In the last three decades, high-tech developments in the electronics design and development industry, research in agriculture and fishing, and the oil industry have all contributed significantly to Aberdeen's economic boom.

Until the 1970s, the majority of Aberdeen's major industries had their roots in the 18th century. These included textiles, foundry work, shipbuilding, and paper making, the latter of which dates back to 1694, making it the city's oldest industry. Since the Donside Paper Mill closed in 2001 and the Davidson Mill closed in 2005, the paper industry has diminished, leaving the Stoneywood Paper Mill with a workforce of around 500. The closing of Richards of Aberdeen in 2004 marked the end of the textile industry in the United Kingdom.

Throughout its more than three hundred year history, the Rubislaw quarry has been a major source of grey granite for paving setts, kerb and building stones, monuments, and other decorative items. The terraces of London's Houses of Parliament and Waterloo Bridge are both made of granite quarried in Aberdeen. In 1971, quarrying was ended for good. For the past 40 years, rain has collected in the quarry, and the current owners have finally started pumping it out so that they can build a museum there.

Once the dominant industry, in-shore fishing has since been overtaken by deep-sea fisheries, which received a major boost from technological advancements throughout the 20th century. Overfishing and the use of the harbor by oil support vessels have reduced catches, and as a result the port's prominence as a fishing center has declined in comparison to that of Peterhead and Fraserburgh, located further to the north. While the main office of the Fisheries Research Services is in Aberdeen, the marine research facility is located in Torry.

The James Hutton Institute (previously known as the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute) has strong ties to the city's two universities and is widely recognized for its groundbreaking work in agricultural and soil research. In Aberdeen, you can find the Rowett Research Institute, which is a prestigious center for research into food and nutrition. There are a lot of people working in the life sciences field, and three Nobel laureates have come from the city. 

Aberdeen is currently undergoing a rebranding effort to shift its image from "Oil Capital of Europe" to "Energy Capital of Europe" as oil reserves in the North Sea decline, new energy sources are being developed, and technology is being transferred from the oil industry into renewable energy and other sectors. Scottish Enterprise's "Energetica" initiative aims to hasten this development. In 2013, Aberdeen had already established itself as one of the most important hubs for offshore petroleum research and development in the world.

Aberdeen

Aberdeen, located in Northeast Scotland, is the country's third-most populous city. With an anticipated population of 198,590 for the city of Aberdeen and 227,560 for the local council area by the year 2020, Aberdeen is expected to rank as the United Kingdom's 39th most populous urban area. The city is the most northerly metropolitan city in the United Kingdom, located 93 miles (150 kilometers) northeast of Edinburgh and 398 miles (641 kilometers) north of London. Oceanic weather characterizes Aberdeen's long stretch of sandy shoreline, with moderate, wet winters and temperate, pleasant summers.

Aberdeen's buildings used locally quarried grey granite, which may gleam like silver due to its high mica concentration, from the middle of the eighteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century.

Since the North Sea oil was discovered in 1969, Aberdeen has been renowned as the offshore oil capital of Europe. The area around Aberdeen is considered to have been inhabited for at least 6,000 years, as evidenced by the finding of prehistoric villages around the mouths of the rivers Dee and Don.

As a result of David I of Scotland's (1124–1153) grant of Royal burgh status, Aberdeen saw a dramatic economic upheaval. Oil production and the port of Aberdeen have supplanted the region's historic industries of fishing, papermaking, shipbuilding, and textiles. Aberdeen's seaport is the largest in the north-east of Scotland, and its heliport is among the busiest commercial heliports in the world. The University of Aberdeen, established in Old Aberdeen in 1495, is one of the city's two institutions; the other, Robert Gordon University, is in the nearby Garthdee neighborhood and was granted university status in 1992.

Aberdeen was the only city in Scotland to receive this honor from HSBC in 2012, when the bank dubbed it a "super city" and a significant economic center for the United Kingdom.

Card payment company Paymentsense issued a survey in 2018 naming Aberdeen the best city in the UK to launch a new business.

Geography of Aberdeen

The city's location between two river mouths means that there is little bare rock exposed. It is likely located on an inlier of Devonian "Old Red" sandstones and silts, as suggested by the little geophysics conducted, infrequent building-related exposures, and tiny exposures in the banks of the River Don. Overshooting the (inferred) limits of the outlier, the city expanded onto the surrounding metamorphic/igneous complexes formed during the Dalradian period (approximately 480-600 million years ago), with sporadic areas of igneous Diorite granites to be found, such as at the Rubislaw quarry, from which much of the Victorian parts of the city were constructed. 

Incorporated into the city's total area of 185.7 km2 (71.7 sq mi) are the old burghs of Old Aberdeen, New Aberdeen, Woodside, and the Royal Burgh of Torry, all of which lie south of the River Dee. The 2017 estimate for the city's population density is 1,225. The city spread out from Castle Hill, St. Catherine's Hill, and Windmill Hill, the three main hills upon which it was founded.

Economy of Aberdeen

Aberdeen has a rich industrial history that includes fishing, textile factories, shipbuilding, and paper production. These economic sectors have been substantially supplanted. The high-tech electronics design and development business, agricultural and fishery research, and the oil industry have all contributed significantly to Aberdeen's economic growth and development in recent decades. 

Most of Aberdeen's major businesses didn't begin until the 18th century; by the 1970s, these included textiles, foundry work, shipbuilding, and paper-making, the latter of which dates back to 1694, making it the city's oldest industry. With the Donside Paper Mill closing in 2001 and the Davidson Mill closing in 2005, paper production has declined, leaving the Stoneywood Paper Mill with a staff of around 500. Richards of Aberdeen stopped making textiles in 2004.

For over three hundred years, the grey granite used for paving setts, curb and construction stones, monuments, and other architectural and decorative purposes was sourced from the Rubislaw quarry. Terraces of Westminster Palace and Waterloo Bridge in London were crafted using granite quarried in Aberdeen. In 1971, quarrying was halted for good. In order to create a heritage center at the quarry, the present owners have started pumping 40 years' worth of rainfall out of the pit.

Prior to the 20th century, inshore fishing was the dominating business, but deep-sea fisheries, which benefited greatly from advances in technology, eventually overtook it. Overfishing and the usage of the harbor by oil support vessels have reduced catches, and as a result, this once-major fishing port has been surpassed in importance by Peterhead and Fraserburgh, located further north. Marine research is conducted at the Fisheries Research Services' headquarters in Aberdeen. 

The James Hutton Institute (previously the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute) has tight ties to the city's two institutions and is widely recognized for its groundbreaking work in agricultural and soil research. The Rowett Research Institute in Aberdeen is a prestigious institution for the study of food and nutrition. The city is home to many life scientists and has produced three Nobel laureates. 

Oil reserves in the North Sea are decreasing, thus there is a movement to rebrand Aberdeen as the "Energy Capital of Europe" rather than the "Oil Capital of Europe." New energy sources are being developed, and oil technology is being transferred to renewable energy and other industries. It is the goal of Scottish Enterprise's "Energetica" program to speed up this procedure. Due to its advancements in subsea petroleum technology, Aberdeen is now a key hub on the global stage.

Scotland, UK Description

Scotland is the most northern of the UK's four constituent countries, occupying roughly one-third of the island. In the 5th century CE, Irish Celts settled on the west coast of Britain, naming it "Scotland." Scotland's name comes from the Latin Scotia, meaning "land of the Scots." Caledonia is a term frequently used to refer to Scotland, particularly in poetry. Caledonii was the Roman name for a tribe that lived in what is now northwest Scotland.

Scotland's harsh climate and extreme weather conditions have made it difficult for many generations to live there, but they have cherished it for its natural beauty and unique culture. During the Scottish Enlightenment, philosophers like Francis Hutcheson and Adam Smith forged important contributions to political and practical theories of progress. Scottish inventors, engineers, and businessmen like Alexander Graham Bell, James Watt, Andrew Carnegie, and John McAdam helped Scotland's influence far beyond its borders.

Scotland-England relations have been strained since the two countries united in 1707 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain. Despite heavy English influence, Scotland has long maintained its independence, clinging to historical fact and legend to preserve national identity and the Scots dialect of English.

Geographical Description of Scotland

The Aegean, Atlantic, North, and English Channels border Scotland's southern, western, and northern borders, as well as its eastern border. The west coast is dotted with large islands ranging in size from small rocks to the massive Lewis and Harris, Skye, and Mull landmasses (sea lochs or fjords). Orkney and Shetland islands are located north of Scotland. 274 miles (441 kilometers) from Cape Wrath to the Mull of Galloway, and 154 miles wide from Applecross in the western Highlands to Buchan Ness in the eastern Grampians. Scotland's mainland has two halves: north and south (248 km). With only 30 miles of land separating the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth, Scotland's two major estuarine inlets on its west and east coasts, from the sea, the vast majority of places are within 40 to 50 miles (65 to 80 kilometers) of the sea.

The Highlands are in the north, the Midland Valley (Central Lowlands) is in the middle, and the Southern Uplands are in the south. (The latter two are part of the Lowlands cultural region, which includes the former two.) Low-lying areas run the length of the Midland Valley and the US east coast. The east coast's smoother outline contrasts with the west coast's rugged outline, resulting in a topographic as well as a north-south divide. The Glen Mor (Glen Albyn) fault line separates the Highlands from the rest of the country. To the north of Glen Mor is an ancient plateau eroded into a series of peaks of similar height separated by glens carved by glaciers (valleys). The Lewisian Complex rocks have been worn down by severe glaciation to form a hummocky landscape punctuated by small lochs and protruding rocks from thin, acidic soil. The magnificent Torridonian sandstone mountains have weathered into sheer cliffs, rock terraces, and pinnacles.

The Grampian Mountains are located southeast of Glen Mor, though there are intrusions such as the Cairngorm Mountains' granitic masses. The Grampians are less rocky and rugged than the Northwest Mountains, being more rounded and grassy, with larger plateau areas. The area has some of Britain's highest mountains, including Ben Nevis (4,406 feet), which has cliffs and pinnacles that make climbing difficult (1,343 metres). Rannoch Moor, a desolate expanse of bogs and granitic rocks punctuated by narrow, deep lochs such as Rannoch and Ericht, is the most striking example (Rannoch Moor is the most striking of these). The Highland Boundary Fault runs northeast-southwest from Stonehaven, just south of Aberdeen, to Helensburgh on the River Clyde, passing through Loch Lomond, Scotland's largest freshwater body. The southern boundary of the Midland Valley is divided by a fault that runs from northeast to southwest, beginning with the Lammermuir and Moorfoot hills. It's misleading to call this part of Scotland the Lowlands because, while it's low compared to other parts of Scotland, it's not flat. Volcanic hills like the Sidlaws, Ochils, Campsies, and Pentlands dominate the landscape (579 metres). The Southern Uplands are not as high as the Highlands. Glaciation has created narrow, flat valleys that divide rolling mountains into sections. The gently sloping, grassy, and rounded hills just east of Nithsdale open up into fertile Merse farming land to the south. With time, the landscape west of Nithsdale becomes more rugged, with granitic intrusions around Loch Doon, and the soil becomes more peaty and wet. Merrick's high moorlands and hills can support a sheep farm at 2,766 feet (843 metres) above sea level. The uplands slope down to the Solway Firth's coastal plains in the south and the machair and Mull of Galloway in the west.

The Economy of Scotland

As a result of the problems that plagued many European countries during the 1970s and 1980s, including the widespread failure of heavy industries, Scotland's economy suffered greatly during this period. Unemployment became a significant issue, particularly in areas where major industries were in decline at the same time. A variety of measures were implemented by successive governments to improve the situation. Because of the extraction of North Sea oil and natural gas, as well as the development of high-technology industries and other economic sectors, Scotland's economy began to prosper during the 1980s.

Scotland's economy remains small but open, accounting for approximately 5% of the total export revenue of the United Kingdom. Aside from London and the eastern regions of England, no other region in the United Kingdom has a higher gross domestic product (GDP) per capita than the West Midlands, and its unemployment rate is relatively low. To be sure, wealth distribution in Scotland is not evenly distributed, and the average unemployment rate conceals pockets of significantly higher unemployment in specific regions and localities. Scottish economic development, education, and training are all overseen by the Scottish Parliament, despite the fact that the British government has control over macroeconomic policy in the country. This includes central government spending, interest rates, and monetary policy in Scotland.