Upton Ward, ENG - Postcode - NN4 9ER
Postcode NN4 9ER serves Upton Ward in the Northamptonshire district of England. It is part of the NN4 outward code area. Use the map below for the exact location.
More postcodes in Northamptonshire | Browse NN4 area | All postcodes in Upton Ward
Location Information
| City/Location/Ward | Upton Ward |
|---|---|
| County/District/Region | Northamptonshire |
| States or Province or Territories | England |
| States or Province or Territories Abbrieviation | ENG |
| Postcode | NN4 9ER |
GPS Coordinate
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| Latitude | 52.2219 |
| Longitude | -0.9516 |
Nearby Postcodes
| Location | Postcode |
|---|---|
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0AE |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0AQ |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SP |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SR |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SS |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0ST |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SU |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SX |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SY |
| Yelvertoft Ward | CV23 0SZ |
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Maps & Location
Upton Ward is located in Northamptonshire
About Upton Ward
Introduction
Upton Ward is an established neighbourhood in the Berkshire town of Slough, situated within the wider Thames Valley. It is an area where historic settlement, residential development, education, transport, commerce and community life come together. Although modern Upton is firmly integrated into the urban fabric of Slough, its history reaches much further back than the development of the modern town.
The area benefits from a strategic location. It is close to Slough town centre and its employment opportunities, while Windsor, Eton, Heathrow Airport and London are all within relatively convenient reach. The railway network, major roads and local bus services contribute to the area's accessibility.
Upton is also interesting because of its combination of old and new. Historic buildings and landmarks exist alongside residential streets, schools, modern services and contemporary development. This gives the neighbourhood a distinctive identity within the wider Slough area.
For residents, Upton offers the practical advantages of an urban location while retaining connections with Berkshire's historic landscape. Parks and open spaces provide opportunities for recreation, while nearby Windsor and the Thames provide additional cultural and environmental attractions.
1. Where Is Upton Ward?
Upton Ward is located in Slough, Berkshire, in southeastern England.
Its position places it close to several important communities and destinations, including:
- Slough town centre
- Chalvey
- Langley
- Cippenham
- Eton
- Windsor
- Stoke Poges
- Heathrow Airport
The ward is part of a highly developed section of Berkshire where residential areas, business districts, transport infrastructure and open spaces exist close together.
Unlike many Berkshire communities that retain a strongly rural character, Upton is predominantly urban. Its streets, homes, schools and services form part of the continuous built-up environment associated with Slough.
Its location is nevertheless advantageous because residents can reach countryside and historic attractions relatively quickly.
2. The Historical Background of Upton
Upton is an old settlement whose history predates the modern expansion of Slough.
The name Upton has Anglo-Saxon origins and is associated with the idea of an upper settlement or settlement on higher ground.
Historically, Upton was surrounded by agricultural land and existed as a village-like community before Slough developed into a major urban centre.
The landscape would once have included fields, farms, lanes and small settlements.
Over the centuries, the area's connections with Windsor and surrounding communities became increasingly important.
The growth of transportation routes and eventually industrialisation transformed the local economy.
By the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Upton was increasingly absorbed into the expanding urban environment of Slough.
3. Upton Before Modern Slough
To understand Upton, it is useful to imagine the area before modern urban development.
There were no large business parks, extensive housing estates or major transport corridors as seen today.
Agriculture was central to everyday life.
Local communities depended on farming, livestock, small-scale trade and traditional crafts.
The River Thames and surrounding waterways also influenced the economy and movement of people.
Windsor's importance as a royal centre helped shape the wider region.
As transportation improved, settlements such as Upton became increasingly connected with neighbouring communities.
This gradual process eventually produced the modern Slough landscape.
4. Upton and Chalvey
Upton has a particularly strong historical relationship with nearby Chalvey.
The two settlements developed alongside each other and became increasingly connected as Slough expanded.
Historically, Upton and Chalvey formed part of a rural landscape surrounding the older settlement of Slough.
Today, the two areas are part of a much larger urban environment.
Their historical connections remain relevant because place identities often survive even after administrative boundaries and settlement patterns change.
The modern wards of Slough should therefore not be confused with historical village boundaries.
5. Growth of Slough
The transformation of Slough had a major impact on Upton.
Industrial development attracted businesses and workers to the area.
Improved roads and railway connections made it easier for people and goods to travel.
Housing expanded to accommodate the growing population.
As Slough became a major employment centre, neighbouring settlements were increasingly incorporated into its urban landscape.
Upton consequently changed from a predominantly rural locality into a residential and commercial neighbourhood.
This transformation is visible in the architecture.
Older buildings sit alongside Victorian housing, interwar homes, post-war development and modern properties.
6. Historic Character
Despite its urban surroundings, Upton retains important traces of its history.
Historic buildings and religious landmarks provide evidence of the earlier settlement.
Traditional brick architecture is particularly significant in the Berkshire landscape.
Some older streets have a different scale and character from later housing developments.
These features give Upton an identity that is distinct from a completely modern suburb.
Preserving historic buildings can therefore help residents understand how their neighbourhood developed.
7. St Mary's Church, Upton
St Mary's Church is one of Upton's most important historic landmarks.
The church has longstanding associations with the local community and reflects the area's pre-modern history.
Its presence demonstrates that Upton existed as an established settlement long before the rapid growth of twentieth-century Slough.
Historic churches often provide important architectural and genealogical evidence.
They can also remain active centres of community life.
St Mary's therefore represents both heritage and continuing local identity.
8. Historic Buildings and Architecture
Upton's architecture reflects several stages of development.
Older buildings can be found alongside:
- Victorian terraces
- Edwardian houses
- Interwar properties
- Post-war homes
- Modern flats
- Contemporary residential development
This mixture is typical of neighbourhoods that have expanded gradually rather than being built entirely during one period.
Older properties may have features such as traditional brickwork, fireplaces, pitched roofs and smaller room layouts.
Newer properties generally offer different standards of insulation, parking and internal design.
9. Residential Character
Most of Upton is residential.
Housing streets provide accommodation for families, couples, professionals, older residents and renters.
The neighbourhood includes a variety of property sizes.
Terraced homes can provide relatively compact accommodation.
Semi-detached houses often appeal to families.
Detached properties provide greater space.
Flats and apartments can suit individuals, couples, first-time buyers and people seeking lower-maintenance accommodation.
This variety gives the ward a broad residential profile.
10. Housing Development
Housing development has occurred in several stages.
The earliest homes reflected the needs of a growing industrial and commercial community.
Later developments responded to population growth following the expansion of Slough.
Modern housing continues to appear as redevelopment and regeneration take place.
New development can provide additional homes but also raises questions about infrastructure.
Issues such as roads, schools, drainage, parking and green space need to be considered when housing numbers increase.
11. Families in Upton
Upton can be an attractive location for families who want access to schools and urban services.
Families can benefit from:
- Local schools
- Parks
- Community organisations
- Shops
- Healthcare
- Public transport
- Nearby leisure facilities
The area is also close to larger attractions in Windsor.
Parents who work in Slough, Heathrow or London may appreciate the transport connections.
However, family suitability can vary between streets.
Traffic, parking and proximity to busy roads should be assessed when choosing a particular property.
12. Education
Education is an important feature of the Upton area.
The neighbourhood and wider Slough community contain primary schools, secondary schools and other educational institutions.
One of the best-known institutions associated with the area is Upton Court Grammar School.
The surrounding region also contains a variety of comprehensive schools, colleges and specialist educational establishments.
For families, the availability of schools is an important consideration when choosing where to live.
However, school admission arrangements can change.
Parents should check current catchment boundaries, admission policies and available places before making decisions based on a particular school.
13. Upton Court Grammar School
Upton Court Grammar School is a significant educational institution serving the local area.
It has a selective grammar-school tradition and attracts students from beyond the immediate neighbourhood.
Its reputation contributes to the educational profile of the area.
However, living nearby does not necessarily guarantee admission.
Grammar-school admission can involve specific selection procedures and eligibility requirements.
Families should therefore distinguish between geographic proximity and actual admission eligibility.
14. Parks and Open Spaces
Upton benefits from access to green spaces despite being located within a heavily urbanised part of Berkshire.
Upton Court Park is particularly important.
The park provides space for:
- Walking
- Jogging
- Informal recreation
- Sports
- Children's activities
- Dog walking
- Relaxation
Green spaces are valuable in urban communities because they provide opportunities to experience nature without travelling far.
They can also contribute to physical and mental wellbeing.
15. Upton Court Park
Upton Court Park is one of the area's notable recreational spaces.
The park contributes to the visual and environmental character of the neighbourhood.
Its open landscape contrasts with surrounding roads and housing.
It can be used for informal recreation as well as organised activities.
Parks also provide valuable habitats for wildlife.
Trees, grassland and other vegetation can support birds, insects and small mammals while improving the local environment.
16. Outdoor Recreation
Residents have access to a range of outdoor activities.
Walking is particularly accessible because it requires little equipment and can be done throughout the year.
Jogging and informal sports are also possible in suitable public spaces.
People seeking larger landscapes can travel towards Windsor Great Park.
The Thames Valley countryside provides further opportunities for walking and cycling.
This gives Upton residents more recreational choice than might initially be expected from an urban neighbourhood.
17. Windsor Great Park
Windsor Great Park is one of the major recreational attractions within the wider area.
The historic royal landscape includes extensive woodland, grassland and open countryside.
Its proximity is a major benefit for residents who enjoy outdoor activities.
The park provides opportunities for:
- Long-distance walking
- Nature observation
- Photography
- Cycling in permitted areas
- Family outings
- Historical exploration
It also provides a strong connection between the urban communities around Slough and the historic royal landscape around Windsor.
18. Windsor
Windsor is one of the most important nearby destinations.
It is famous internationally for Windsor Castle and its royal heritage.
The town also provides:
- Restaurants
- Cafés
- Shops
- Hotels
- Cultural attractions
- Museums
- Riverside walks
- Historic buildings
Upton residents can access these facilities without needing to live in the more tourist-focused centre of Windsor.
This gives them a useful combination of convenience and accessibility.
19. Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is one of Britain's best-known historic landmarks.
Its proximity contributes to the tourism economy of the wider area.
Visitors come to Windsor throughout the year to see the castle, St George's Chapel and surrounding historic attractions.
Upton benefits indirectly from this tourism through employment and economic activity.
Workers in hospitality, retail, transport and tourism-related businesses may live in Upton because of its convenient location.
20. Eton
Eton is another important nearby historic community.
It lies across the River Thames from Windsor and is internationally associated with Eton College.
The town contains historic buildings, riverside areas and independent businesses.
Upton's proximity to Eton adds to the area's cultural and recreational opportunities.
Residents can easily combine visits to Upton, Windsor and Eton when exploring the local region.
21. Transport Connections
Transport is one of Upton's strongest advantages.
The area is close to Slough railway station, which is an important regional transport hub.
Slough's rail connections provide access towards London and destinations west of the town.
The Elizabeth line has significantly strengthened the area's connectivity with central and east London.
This makes Upton particularly attractive to commuters.
Local bus services provide additional connections within Slough and surrounding communities.
22. The Elizabeth Line
The Elizabeth line has had an important effect on the attractiveness of the Slough area.
It provides direct rail connections towards central London and beyond.
Stations such as Bond Street, Tottenham Court Road, Farringdon and Liverpool Street are accessible through the line.
This gives residents more convenient access to major employment, cultural and financial districts.
For people who work in London but prefer living outside the capital, Upton's proximity to Slough station can be a major advantage.
23. Road Network
Upton is also well positioned for road travel.
The M4 is one of the most important roads in the region.
It provides connections towards:
- Heathrow
- London
- Maidenhead
- Reading
- Newbury
- Bristol
- South Wales
The M25 provides connections around Greater London and towards other parts of southeast England.
The A4 and local roads provide additional routes.
This road network supports commuting, business and logistics.
24. Heathrow Airport
Heathrow Airport is relatively close to Upton.
Its importance to the local economy cannot be overstated.
The airport supports thousands of jobs directly and indirectly.
Employment opportunities include:
- Aviation
- Security
- Logistics
- Engineering
- Retail
- Catering
- Hospitality
- Transport
- Administration
For residents, Heathrow also provides convenient international travel.
However, aircraft noise may affect some parts of the wider Slough area.
Prospective residents should consider the specific location of a property and local flight patterns.
25. London Commuting
London commuting is one of Upton's major advantages.
The combination of local transport, Slough railway station and the Elizabeth line provides practical connections into the capital.
A resident can potentially live in a quieter residential neighbourhood while maintaining access to London's enormous employment market.
This has helped make parts of Slough attractive to professionals who do not want to pay the cost of living in central London.
Hybrid working has further increased the appeal of such locations.
26. Employment in Slough
Upton's residents benefit from being close to Slough's substantial business economy.
The town has attracted companies in sectors including:
- Technology
- Communications
- Pharmaceuticals
- Professional services
- Logistics
- Manufacturing
- Retail
- Media
- Hospitality
The Slough Trading Estate is particularly important to the wider local economy.
Its presence has helped establish Slough as one of the UK's significant business locations.
This creates employment opportunities without requiring every resident to commute into London.
27. Business and Technology
Slough has developed a strong reputation for business and technology.
Its location between London and Heathrow is a major factor.
The town has attracted national and international companies seeking access to skilled workers, transport links and customers.
For Upton residents, this creates opportunities in both high-skilled and practical occupations.
The local economy therefore offers a mixture of professional, technical, administrative and service-sector jobs.
28. Local Shopping
Upton residents benefit from proximity to Slough's shopping facilities.
Everyday shopping can be completed through local convenience stores and supermarkets.
Slough town centre provides a wider range of retailers.
For specialist shopping, residents can travel to Windsor, Maidenhead, west London or central London.
This creates a hierarchy of shopping options.
The neighbourhood provides convenience, while larger centres provide greater choice.
29. Restaurants and Food Culture
The wider Slough area has a diverse food culture.
Restaurants and food businesses represent many different cuisines and traditions.
This reflects the area's multicultural population.
Residents can find:
- Restaurants
- Takeaways
- Cafés
- Bakeries
- Specialist grocery stores
- International food shops
This diversity is one of the most noticeable aspects of modern life in the area.
30. Cultural Diversity
Upton exists within one of Berkshire's most culturally diverse urban environments.
Slough has attracted residents from many parts of the United Kingdom and the world.
This diversity is reflected in local businesses, religious institutions, schools and community groups.
Cultural diversity can create opportunities for residents to experience different traditions without travelling far.
Food, festivals, music and community events all contribute to the area's identity.
31. Places of Worship
Places of worship are an important part of community life.
The area includes Christian churches as well as institutions serving other religious communities in the wider Slough area.
These organisations often provide more than religious services.
They can operate:
- Community programmes
- Charitable initiatives
- Educational activities
- Youth groups
- Social gatherings
- Support networks
They therefore contribute to the social infrastructure of the neighbourhood.
32. Community Life
Community life in Upton is supported by schools, churches, clubs, parks, businesses and local organisations.
Residents can participate in activities according to age and interest.
Community networks can be especially important in urban areas because they create relationships between people who might otherwise have little interaction.
Local events, sports and cultural activities can strengthen neighbourhood identity.
33. Families and Community
Families can benefit from the combination of education, recreation and transport.
Children have access to schools and parks.
Parents can access employment opportunities in Slough, Heathrow and London.
The wider area provides additional family attractions.
Community organisations can also provide support and social activities.
However, families should consider traffic and road safety, particularly around busy routes.
34. Healthcare
Upton benefits from the healthcare infrastructure available across Slough.
Residents can access GP practices, pharmacies, dentists and other primary-care services.
Wexham Park Hospital is an important hospital serving the wider community.
Additional specialist healthcare facilities can be reached in Slough, Windsor and surrounding parts of Berkshire.
The availability of healthcare is one of the practical benefits of living in an established urban area.
35. Libraries and Learning
Libraries and educational facilities contribute to community life.
They provide access to:
- Books
- Digital resources
- Study spaces
- Internet access
- Children's programmes
- Educational activities
Libraries can be particularly valuable for students and residents who work or study from home.
The wider Slough area also provides access to colleges and other learning institutions.
36. Sport and Fitness
Residents can participate in a variety of sporting activities through local facilities and clubs.
These can include:
- Football
- Cricket
- Tennis
- Athletics
- Gym activities
- Walking
- Running
- Cycling
Larger leisure centres in Slough provide additional options.
Upton Court Park and other green spaces can support informal exercise.
37. Young People
Youth services, schools, sports organisations and community groups provide opportunities for younger residents.
Parks can provide informal recreation.
Sports clubs can offer structured activities and encourage teamwork.
Educational institutions provide additional opportunities for personal development.
Good youth provision is important for maintaining a healthy and engaged community.
38. Older Residents
Upton can also provide practical advantages for older residents.
The proximity of shops, healthcare and public transport can reduce the need for long journeys.
Community groups and places of worship can provide opportunities for social interaction.
Parks offer accessible spaces for walking.
However, older properties may not always have accessibility features such as lifts or step-free entrances, so housing choice is important.
39. Parking
Parking can be a challenge in established residential parts of Upton.
Many older houses were constructed at a time when households did not own multiple cars.
As car ownership increased, demand for parking grew.
Some streets may have limited on-street space.
Potential residents with cars should investigate parking arrangements before choosing a property.
This is particularly important for families with multiple vehicles.
40. Traffic
Traffic is another consideration.
Slough is a major employment and transport centre, meaning roads can become busy during peak periods.
The M4 and surrounding major routes carry substantial volumes of traffic.
Local congestion can affect journey times.
Public transport can provide an alternative for some residents, especially commuters travelling towards London.
The success of the Elizabeth line has increased the attractiveness of leaving the car at home for certain journeys.
41. Air Quality
As an urban area close to major roads and Heathrow, environmental quality is an important consideration.
Traffic emissions can affect air quality.
Green spaces and trees can help improve the local environment.
Walking and public transport can reduce reliance on private vehicles.
Long-term urban planning will need to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability.
42. Flood and Drainage Considerations
Although Upton is not defined by riverfront development in the same way as some Thames-side villages, drainage and surface-water management remain relevant to urban planning.
Heavy rainfall can put pressure on drainage systems.
New developments therefore need suitable drainage infrastructure.
Residents should investigate specific property-level flood information when purchasing a home rather than relying on general assumptions about the ward.
43. Future Housing
Housing demand in Slough is likely to remain important because of the area's employment base and transport links.
New homes can help meet demand.
However, housing growth needs supporting infrastructure.
This includes:
- Schools
- Healthcare
- Roads
- Public transport
- Parks
- Drainage
- Community facilities
The quality of development is therefore as important as the number of homes constructed.
44. Regeneration and Investment
Regeneration can provide opportunities to improve Upton and the wider Slough area.
Investment can improve:
- Public spaces
- Housing
- Roads
- Transport
- Commercial areas
- Community facilities
However, regeneration should take account of local heritage.
Historic buildings and established neighbourhoods provide character and should be incorporated into future planning where appropriate.
45. Upton's Future Identity
The future identity of Upton will probably continue to combine history and modernity.
Historic landmarks will remain reminders of the area's origins.
Modern housing, businesses and transport infrastructure will continue to shape everyday life.
The challenge will be ensuring that development does not remove the characteristics that make the neighbourhood distinctive.
Good urban design can allow new buildings to coexist successfully with older structures.
46. Living in Upton Ward
For someone considering moving to Upton, the area offers several practical advantages.
It is well connected, close to employment and surrounded by a wide range of services.
Residents can access Slough's urban facilities while remaining relatively close to Windsor's historic attractions and the countryside around the Thames.
The neighbourhood is particularly suitable for people who value convenience and connectivity.
However, individual streets should be assessed carefully because traffic, parking, noise and housing quality can vary considerably.
47. Upton for First-Time Buyers
First-time buyers may find Upton attractive because it offers a range of property types.
Smaller houses and flats may provide entry points into the local property market.
The area also offers strong transport connections.
For a first-time buyer, important considerations include:
- Mortgage affordability
- Service charges for flats
- Maintenance costs
- Parking
- Commuting expenses
- Energy efficiency
- Future resale potential
Proximity to transport can support long-term demand, but buyers should evaluate each property individually.
48. Upton for Professionals
Professionals may find Upton particularly convenient.
Slough's business economy provides nearby employment.
Heathrow is accessible.
London can be reached by rail.
Windsor provides leisure and hospitality opportunities.
This makes the area suitable for people whose jobs require travel between several locations.
Hybrid workers can also benefit from the combination of home-working possibilities and excellent transport when office attendance is required.
49. Upton for Renters
Renters can benefit from flexibility.
They can access the local employment market without making a long-term property purchase.
Rental accommodation may range from individual flats to family houses.
Tenants should assess commuting times, parking and local noise before signing a tenancy.
Properties close to major roads or railway routes can be convenient but potentially noisier.
50. Upton as a Connected Berkshire Neighbourhood
Upton's greatest practical characteristic is connectivity.
It is close to:
Slough for employment and shopping.
Windsor for history, tourism and leisure.
Eton for heritage and culture.
Heathrow for international travel and employment.
London for major employment, entertainment and cultural opportunities.
Maidenhead for additional business and services.
This network makes Upton more than simply a residential ward.
It is part of a major economic and transport corridor in southern England.
51. The Role of Green Space
As development continues, green spaces will become increasingly valuable.
Parks provide recreation but also serve environmental functions.
Trees can provide shade and help moderate urban temperatures.
Grassland and planted areas can support biodiversity.
Green spaces also create opportunities for social interaction.
Protecting these spaces should therefore be considered an important part of Upton's long-term development.
52. Heritage and Modern Development
Upton demonstrates how historic communities can evolve within modern towns.
The existence of old churches and buildings does not prevent development.
Instead, heritage can provide a framework for understanding the neighbourhood.
New development can complement historic structures through appropriate scale, materials and design.
This can help create a more attractive urban environment.
53. Local Business Opportunities
Upton's location also creates opportunities for small businesses.
A growing and diverse population can support:
- Food businesses
- Retail
- Professional services
- Childcare
- Education
- Personal services
- Hospitality
- Home-based businesses
Digital technology also makes it easier for entrepreneurs to operate businesses from residential properties where regulations permit.
The area's proximity to Slough's business ecosystem provides additional opportunities for networking and employment.
54. Community Participation
Residents can influence the future of Upton by participating in local affairs.
This can include:
- Attending community meetings
- Engaging with local councillors
- Participating in consultations
- Joining residents' groups
- Supporting local businesses
- Volunteering
- Taking part in environmental projects
Active participation can help ensure that local concerns are represented when decisions are made.
55. Why Upton Matters Within Berkshire
Upton is significant because it illustrates the transition from traditional settlement to modern urban community.
Its historic roots connect it with Berkshire's older landscape.
Its modern economy connects it with Slough, Heathrow and London.
Its schools and community organisations connect it with future generations.
Its parks and historic buildings provide links with the past.
This combination makes Upton an interesting example of how Berkshire's communities have evolved while retaining elements of their historical identity.
56. Looking at Upton as a Place to Visit
Although Upton is primarily residential, visitors interested in local history can find worthwhile features.
A visitor can explore historic buildings, local streets and religious heritage before continuing towards Slough or Windsor.
The area can also serve as a base for exploring attractions around the Thames Valley.
A wider itinerary could include Upton, Slough, Eton, Windsor and Windsor Great Park.
This provides a mixture of urban, historical and natural attractions.
57. Upton's Position Between Urban and Historic Berkshire
One of the most interesting characteristics of Upton is its position between two worlds.
On one side is the modern business environment of Slough, Heathrow and the London commuter belt.
On the other are the historic landscapes of Windsor, Eton and the Thames.
Upton sits between these influences.
That position has shaped its development and continues to shape its future.
58. Important Considerations for New Residents
Anyone considering moving to Upton should investigate several issues before committing to a property.
These include:
- Exact school catchment
- Parking arrangements
- Public transport options
- Peak-hour traffic
- Aircraft noise
- Property condition
- Local amenities
- Crime and community-safety information
- Planning proposals
- Flood and drainage information
- Energy efficiency
A neighbourhood can look very different from one street to another.
Local research is therefore more useful than relying solely on a general description.
59. The Character of Everyday Life
Everyday life in Upton is likely to be shaped more by modern Slough than by its historical origins.
Residents go to work, attend schools, shop, use public transport, visit parks and participate in community activities.
Yet the historic character remains visible.
This creates a neighbourhood where the past and present coexist.
The old church, historic buildings and established streets are reminders that the modern urban landscape developed from an older settlement.