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Buckinghamshire

To the south-east is Greater London, to the south is Berkshire, to the west is Oxfordshire, to the north is Northamptonshire, to the north-east is Bedfordshire, and to the east is Hertfordshire; Buckinghamshire is a ceremonial county in South East England.

Buckinghamshire is located in the region of England known as the Home Counties, which surround London. The east and southeast of the county are home to some of the county's most populous towns—including High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham, and the Chalfonts—and are considered part of the London commuter belt. The Metropolitan Green Belt limits urban expansion in this area. Northeastern Milton Keynes is the county seat and only city, and it and its surrounding areas are governed as a unitary authority apart from the rest of Buckinghamshire. Buckinghamshire Council is another unitary authority in the county, responsible for the management of the remaining parts of Buckinghamshire. The county town of Aylesbury can be found in the region's geographic center, while the old county town of Buckingham can be found in the region's northwest, Marlow can be found in the south near the Thames, and Princes Risborough can be found in the west near Oxford.

The county's southern half is dominated by the Chiltern Hills, an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty frequented by Londoners on foot and by bike. The local flint and red brick were used to construct many of the oldest buildings in the region. Several publications have pinpointed the market town of Beaconsfield as having among the highest property values outside of London, as it is one of the more affluent districts of the country. the current Prime Minister retreats to the countryside at Chequers, a government-owned house estate. The Vale of Aylesbury and the area around the Great Ouse form the rolling landscape in the northern part of the county. The county's southwestern border is partially defined by the Thames. Located in Buckinghamshire are the Pinewood Studios, the Dorney Rowing Lake, and a portion of the Silverstone Race Track, which borders Northamptonshire. The city of Milton Keynes is home to the headquarters or main hubs of many well-known national businesses. The mining and quarrying sectors are small, with agriculture coming in as the second most important sector of the economy.

History

The name Buckinghamshire comes from the Anglo-Saxon for "the district (scire) of Bucca's dwelling," which is a literal translation of the word. Bucca's home is the Anglo-Saxon-named town of Buckingham, located in the northern part of the county. The name "Devon" has been in use for the region since the 12th century, while the county itself dates back to its days as a province of the Kingdom of Mercia (585–919).

Even though the Anglo-Saxons may have had the biggest impact on Buckinghamshire, the county's rural topography is essentially unchanged from the Anglo-Saxon period, which dates back to the Brythonic and Roman periods. King Henry VIII meddled in local politics in Buckinghamshire in the 16th century, and just a century later, in the middle of Buckinghamshire, John Hampden is claimed to have initiated the English Civil War.

The 19th century was a pivotal time for the county since it was then that cholera and famine struck, displacing many of the county's rural residents and driving them to seek employment in larger cities. Because of this shift in economic power, leafy Bucks became a beloved rural idyll, an image that has endured to this day. Even though many Londoners choose to live in Buckinghamshire because of its proximity to the city, the county nevertheless has some areas where residents are living below the poverty line.

Aylesbury, Amersham, and High Wycombe to the south of the county grew in importance as London expanded, but Buckingham to the north remained a relatively unimportant backwater. Consequently, most county institutions have relocated to the south of the county or to Milton Keynes from the original Buckingham location.

Geography

It is possible to divide the county into two distinct regions. The southern basin of the River Great Ouse rises gently from the Thames to a more steep escarpment on the northern bank, where you'll find the Vale of Aylesbury and the City of Milton Keynes UA.

Two of England's four longest rivers begin in this county. Since Berkshire has expanded into Buckinghamshire at Eton and Slough, the river is no longer the only dividing line between the two counties. Leaving its source in Northamptonshire, the Great Ouse travels east through Buckingham, Milton Keynes, and Olney before emptying into the Thames River.

The county is traversed by the Grand Union Canal's main stem as well as its branches to Slough, Aylesbury, Wendover (now defunct), and Buckingham (disused). A canal is now a part of Milton Keynes's aesthetic landscape.

The Chiltern Hills take up much of the southern half of the county. Haddington Hill in Wendover Woods (a stone marks its summit) and Coombe Hill near Wendover, both at 260 meters (820 feet) above sea level, are Buckinghamshire's highest points (850 ft)

In the river valleys, people have dug out chalk, clay for producing bricks, gravel, and sand to use in construction. Older structures in the area frequently made use of flint, a material also mined from nearby quarries. Numerous flooded quarry sites are now protected ecosystems.

Economy

Buckinghamshire has a thriving modern service sector and is included in the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, and Oxfordshire NUTS-2 region, the seventh wealthiest subregion in the European Union in 2002. Buckinghamshire has the highest quality of life, life expectancy, and education performance in the country. It also has the highest GDP per capita outside of Inner London. South Surrey is one of the most affluent parts of the county because of its proximity to London. The county is known for its rich farmland and several landed estates, many of which belonged to the influential English banking family of the Rothschilds in the nineteenth century (see Rothschild properties in England). The Bucks County Show, the oldest of the county's yearly agricultural fairs, has been held since 1859. High Wycombe is known as a furniture manufacturing hub, and other important manufacturing industries in the area include the pharmaceutical industry and food processing. When it comes to British film and television production, Pinewood Studios in Iver Heath is second to none.

England, UK Description

England is the UK's largest constituent unit, occupying more than half of the island. Despite its political, economic, and cultural legacy, England is no longer a governmental or political unit. 

With its rich soil and crisscrossing network of rivers and streams, England has been and remains a thriving agricultural economy. England became the epicenter of the global Industrial Revolution in the early 1800s, quickly rising to the top of the global industrialization rankings. Manufacturing industries in Manchester, Birmingham, and Liverpool turned raw materials into finished goods for export. London, the country's capital, became one of the world's most important cities, a hub for a global political economy. The London metropolitan area continues to be Europe's financial center and a hotbed of innovation, particularly in the fields of popular culture.

At the same time, the UK is a place with a very developed tourism industry. The culture and scenery of the UK attract a lot of tourists to come for vacation all year round. If you also want to travel to the UK or have been there and want to leave some traces of your visit, you can try to customize Custom Keyrings with a UK theme, such as the British flag, Buckingham Palace, etc.  Customized keychains can be carried with you and retain beautiful travel memories.

One of the most fundamental features of the English language is its diversity within a limited compass. Even England's most remote regions are accessible by car or train within a day's drive or train ride of London. Many English people identify with the regions or shires from which they are descended—for example, Yorkshire, the West Country, or the Midlands—and maintain strong ties to those regions even if they live in other parts of the country. Some differences exist, but many more, especially as England transitioned from a rural to an urban society, began to fade after 1945. The country's island location has shaped the English character, which values social harmony, social harmony, and good manners that ensure orderly relations in a densely populated landscape, among other characteristics.

During the dismantling of Britain's vast overseas empire in the mid-20th century, England suffered an identity crisis, and much attention has been paid to discussions of "Englishness"—that is, what it means to be English in a country that now has large immigrant populations from many former colonies and is far more cosmopolitan than insular. Although influenced by other cultures, English culture is distinct and difficult to define. The Lion and the Unicorn by George Orwell, a self-described "revolutionary patriot" who chronicled politics and society in the 1930s and 1940s, makes this observation. 

Geographical Description of England

Except for Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire in the east, England's topography is low-lying but rarely flat. The area has many rolling hillsides, with the highest elevations in the north, north-west, and southwest. Intricate underlying structures have resulted in intricate patterns in the landscape. The oldest sedimentary rocks and some igneous rocks (found in isolated granite hills) are found in Cornwall and Devon, while the most recent alluvial soils are found in the Fens of Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire, and Norfolk. Both the sandstone and limestone bands that separate these two regions date from prehistoric times when large sections of central and southern England were submerged under warm seas. Geological forces lifted and folded some of these rocks, forming northern England's spine. Scafell Pike, England's highest point, stands at 3,210 feet (978 metres) and is part of the world's highest mountain range. The northern mountains are mostly slate, while the southern mountains are mostly lava flows. Mountain ranges have developed from the North Downs at 965 feet (294 meters) to the Cotswolds at 1,083 feet (330 meters).

The Chiltern Hills, North Yorkshire Moors, Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Wolds, and Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Wolds were rounded into distinctive plateaus with west-facing escarpments during the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2,600,000 to 11,700 years ago). A land bridge connecting Britain to the rest of Europe was engulfed as the last glacial sheet melted. The retreating glaciers left behind gravel, sand, and glacial mud, further altering the land surface. Rain, rivers, and tides, as well as subsidence, have shaped the hills and coastline of eastern England. Limestone, gritstone, and carboniferous strata plateaus are associated with major coalfields, some visible as surface outcrops.

A great example of England's geologic complexity is its cliff structure. The chalk cliffs of Dover are made up of a series of sedimentary rocks of varying ages that start at Land's End in the far southwest and end at the Isle of Wight. The English coastline is dotted with cliffs, bays, and river estuaries that add to the overall beauty of the landscape. 

England's weather is as varied as its topography. The average temperature in England, like other temperate maritime zones, is moderate, ranging from around 35 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) in January to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 degrees Celsius) in July in the Thames river valley (32 degrees Celsius). Tacitus, the Roman historian, described it as "unpleasant" with "frequent rains and mists but no extreme cold." However, the higher elevations of England receive snow for roughly 50 days out of the year. In fact, the northwest and southwest of England are particularly "wet". These areas receive less than 30 inches (750 mm) of rain per year and are frequently subject to severe drought. Rainfall averages only 20 inches in parts of the southeast (500 mm). The weather has influenced English art and literature not only seasonally but also day-to-day and even hour-to-hour. The bumbershoot's moniker as the stereotypical English gentleman's walking stick is not accidental.

The Economy of England

In the 18th and 19th centuries, England's economy was primarily agricultural until the Industrial Revolution transformed it into a highly urbanized and industrialized region as a result of the Industrial Revolution. A result of the close proximity of coal and iron ore deposits, heavy industries (iron and steel, textiles, and shipbuilding) sprang up in the north-eastern counties, and they continue to thrive today. During the 1930s, the Great Depression and foreign competition both contributed to a decline in manufactured goods production and an increase in unemployment in the industrial north, which contributed to the Great Depression. Residents of these northern counties who were out of work were forced to relocate south to London and its environs. Because of urbanization and industrialization, the southeast has become dominated by industries such as automotive, chemical, electrical, and machine tool manufacturing. Despite the fact that population growth and urbanization significantly reduced farmland in England during the twentieth century, the geographical counties of Cornwall, Devon, Kent, Lincolnshire, Somerset, and North Yorkshire have retained a significant proportion of their agricultural land.

Another period of industrial decline occurred in the late twentieth century, during which coal mining was virtually phased out and job losses in industries such as iron and steel production, shipbuilding, and textile manufacturing were particularly severe. The decline of these industries had a disproportionately negative impact on the economies of the north and the Midlands, while the economies of the south remained relatively prosperous. By the turn of the twenty-first century, the service sector had taken over as the dominant sector of the English economy, with banking and other financial services, retail, distribution, media and entertainment, education, health care, and hotels and restaurants among the leading sectors.