Cliviger, ENG - Postcode - BB10 4SR - Post Codes & Zip Codes List

Description of Cliviger, England

The civil parish of Cliviger is located in the Burnley area of Lancashire, England. You may find it to the southeast of Burnley and to the northwest of Todmorden. There are 2,238 people living in the parish as per the 2011 census.  A few farms are located in the Todmorden and Bacup postal regions, even though the entire parish is within the Borough of Burnley. It has become primarily a dormitory district for residents who commute to Burnley and other East Lancashire and West Yorkshire cities for jobs.

There is no settlement called "Cliviger," despite widespread (and, in some cases, erroneous) belief to the contrary. Walking Mill, Southward Bottom, Overtown, Mereclough, and Holme Chapel are the major communities that make up the parish.

History of Cliviger

Humans have lived in the region for a very long time. Overlooking Mereclough from Moseley Height, the Bronze Age burial mound was discovered and excavated in 1950 by the Burnley Historical Society. Urns for ashes, as well as different types of pottery, spindle whorls, beads, and flint implements, were unearthed. They are currently part of Towneley Hall's collection but are no longer on exhibit. Another Mereclough burial cairn was located behind the Law House. There was also a gold torc from the Iron Age that was discovered and is now on display in the Manchester Museum. A number of Roman coins have been discovered as well.  Easden and a second site near Mereclough have been proposed as being the sites of diminutive Roman forts. Domesday Book has no mention of Cliviger, and its wider surrounding territory (Blackburn Hundred) is only briefly covered. The monks at the freshly established Kirkstall Abbey (Leeds) built a grange on a plot of property that dates back to around 1160 and may have included the entire township. Robert de Lacy (died 1193), lord of Clitheroe, first granted Accrington to the monks, but Richard de Elland (son of the previous tenant) was eventually allowed to regain it. Cliviger was given back to Kirkstall, and they kept it until 1287, when Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, offered them a regular rent in exchange. Southeast of Thieveley Pike, you may still follow a boundary bank known as the "Old Dyke" that separates Cliviger from the Forest of Rossendale (close to the southern border of the modern parish). The de Lacy family owned demesne holdings in this area as part of the later Duchy of Lancaster-acquired Honour of Clitheroe. The summit of Thieveley Pike was undoubtedly on the salt road that connected Cheshire and Manchester with Knaresborough and Wetherby.

Cliviger was the site of a coal mine that Queen Elizabeth I demised to her chief surgeon, Robert Balthrope, in 1588. It was eventually given to John Towneley of Towneley. Shedden Clough was the site of a limestone hushing activity in the 17th century. In the early 17th and mid-18th centuries, lead mining was undertaken at Thieveley. The land where this enterprise will take place, Black Clough, is on the National Register of Historic Places. Ruins of a blast furnace built by the Spencer partnership circa 1700 can be found not far from Pot Oven Farm. Even though it was already being used as a pottery by 1760, it is widely believed to be the region's first blast furnace. Above Thieveley Scout and on Deerplay Moor, two walking draglines called Cilla and Charybdis dug for coal in the open cast mines throughout the 1940s and 1950s. Following this, the sites were back-filled and manicured. 

Geographical description of Cliviger 

Cliviger Gorge runs southeast from the parish all the way to the (then) West Yorkshire town of Todmorden. It is a spectacular valley formed by glaciers and running along a fault in the South Pennine Moors. Hoof Stones Height on Stiperden Moor in the parish's northeast is its highest point, standing at 1,573 feet (479.5 m) above sea level (on the county boundary). Heald Moor and Deerplay Moor may be found to the west, with Thieveley Pike rising to an altitude of 1,470 feet (448.1 m). On Halloween, a huntsman and his hounds are said to materialize in the gorge in their ghostly forms, according to local folklore. In his classic work about witchcraft and magic, Harrison Ainsworth describes a terrifying ride through the gorge.

The A646 and a railway line both run through the valley, making it an important transportation hub between Lancashire and Yorkshire (there was previously a railway station at Holme Chapel). The Long Causeway, on the other hand, is a route that goes above the valley and may have been built as far back as the Bronze Age (it passes the Coal Clough Wind Farm). 

The parish is home to the headwaters of several rivers, including the Calder and Irwell in Yorkshire and the Irwell in Lancashire. As the rivers Calder in Lancashire and Irwell in Greater Manchester flow westward (through the Ribble and the Mersey) into the Irish Sea, and the Calder in Yorkshire flows eastward (via the Aire, the Ouse, and the Humber) into the North Sea, the area sits astride the primary watershed of Great Britain. The western boundary of the parish is formed by Everage Clough, a tributary of the Lancashire Calder, all the way to Crown Point, where the Singing Ringing Tree sculpture is located. The parish is bounded to the north by the River Brun, the tributary Rock Water, and the stream Shedden Clough.

Lancashire

Located in Northwest England, There are various county boundaries for ancient Lancashire, ceremonial Lancashire, and non-metropolitan Lancashire. Lancaster is the seat of county government there. The Lancashire County Council and its twelve sub-county councils are responsible for running the non-metropolitan county that was established by the Local Government Act of 1972. Preston serves as the city's administrative hub. The population of the ceremonial county is 1,449,300, and it covers an area of 1,189 square miles (3,080 km2).

The Furness and Cartmel peninsulas in the Lake District are part of the medieval County Palatine of Lancashire, which spans a territory of 1,909 square miles and contains the cities of Manchester and Liverpool (4,940 km2). Postal addresses in several of these areas still include "Lancashire," demonstrating a continued sense of place and pride in the county. The boundaries of the historic county were significantly redrawn in 1974 for administrative convenience. As a result, the metropolitan and ceremonial counties of Merseyside and Greater Manchester were established, and Liverpool and Manchester, along with most of its surrounding conurbations, were detached from the current ceremonial county. For the full citation, see: Along with Cumberland and Westmorland, Cumbria now includes the once separate northern part of Lancashire in the Lake District, which includes the Furness Peninsula and Cartmel. Although it gained territory from the West Riding of Yorkshire, administratively Lancashire lost 709 square miles of land, or approximately two fifths of its original area, to other counties. During the month of November, locals and visitors alike celebrate Lancashire Day to honor the county's rich history. 

Lancashire was first established in the 12th century, marking the beginning of the county's recorded history. In the 1086 Domesday Book, some of its territory was included with Yorkshire. Inter Ripam et Mersey, or the territory between the Ribble and the Mersey, was counted as part of Cheshire. During the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, Lancashire became an important economic and industrial hub. The docks and the cotton mills fueled the rapid expansion of Liverpool and Manchester, the country's two largest cities. These metropolises were the epicenters of early forms of industrial capitalism and global trade. The mill towns and collieries of the Lancashire Coalfield were located in this county. In the 1830s, Lancashire was responsible for processing roughly 85% of the world's cotton. During this time, a number of cities and towns rose to prominence as cotton mill hubs. During wakes week, Blackpool became a popular destination for those from Lancashire's mill towns.

The county is bounded on the north by Cumbria, the south by Greater Manchester and Merseyside, the east by North Yorkshire and the west by the Irish Sea. Lancaster continues to serve as the county town, and the Duke of Lancaster (the King) continues to have sovereignty rights including the appointment of lords lieutenant in Greater Manchester and Merseyside. The historic county's boundaries are identical to those of the county palatine

Geography

Burnley, Chorley, Fylde, Hyndburn, Lancaster, Pendle, Preston, Ribble Valley, Rossendale, South Ribble, West Lancashire, and Wyre are the local government districts that make up Lancashire, the shire county governed by the county council.

As unitary councils, Blackpool and Blackburn with Darwen are autonomous from the county council.

Lancashire's shire county and its unitary authorities are both policed by the Lancashire Constabulary. The unitary authorities and ceremonial county share North West England boundaries with Cumbria, North Yorkshire, West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, and Merseyside.

Economy

In the nineteenth century, Lancashire was an important economic hub and, by extension, a wealthy region. Coal was mined, textiles were made, cotton in particular, and fish were caught. There is nothing going on at Preston Docks anymore, which used to be a busy industrial port. Barrow-in-Furness is well-known for its shipbuilding, and Lancashire is home to the historic port of Liverpool.

The defense industry, with BAE Systems' Military Air Solutions branch located in Warton on the Fylde coast, has been the largest private sector industry since 2013. A factory run by the division can be found in Samlesbury. Chorley's BAE Systems, Fulwood's Ultra Electronics, and Barnoldswick's Rolls-Royce plc are just a few of the local hotspots for the defense industry.

Springfields, Salwick, and Heysham are all nuclear power plants run by Westinghouse and British Energy, respectively. Leyland Trucks, a division of Paccar that manufactures the DAF truck line, is another important manufacturer.

England, UK Description

England is the UK's largest constituent unit, occupying more than half of the island. Despite its political, economic, and cultural legacy, England is no longer a governmental or political unit. 

With its rich soil and crisscrossing network of rivers and streams, England has been and remains a thriving agricultural economy. England became the epicenter of the global Industrial Revolution in the early 1800s, quickly rising to the top of the global industrialization rankings. Manufacturing industries in Manchester, Birmingham, and Liverpool turned raw materials into finished goods for export. London, the country's capital, became one of the world's most important cities, a hub for a global political economy. The London metropolitan area continues to be Europe's financial center and a hotbed of innovation, particularly in the fields of popular culture.

At the same time, the UK is a place with a very developed tourism industry. The culture and scenery of the UK attract a lot of tourists to come for vacation all year round. If you also want to travel to the UK or have been there and want to leave some traces of your visit, you can try to customize Custom Keyrings with a UK theme, such as the British flag, Buckingham Palace, etc.  Customized keychains can be carried with you and retain beautiful travel memories.

One of the most fundamental features of the English language is its diversity within a limited compass. Even England's most remote regions are accessible by car or train within a day's drive or train ride of London. Many English people identify with the regions or shires from which they are descended—for example, Yorkshire, the West Country, or the Midlands—and maintain strong ties to those regions even if they live in other parts of the country. Some differences exist, but many more, especially as England transitioned from a rural to an urban society, began to fade after 1945. The country's island location has shaped the English character, which values social harmony, social harmony, and good manners that ensure orderly relations in a densely populated landscape, among other characteristics.

During the dismantling of Britain's vast overseas empire in the mid-20th century, England suffered an identity crisis, and much attention has been paid to discussions of "Englishness"—that is, what it means to be English in a country that now has large immigrant populations from many former colonies and is far more cosmopolitan than insular. Although influenced by other cultures, English culture is distinct and difficult to define. The Lion and the Unicorn by George Orwell, a self-described "revolutionary patriot" who chronicled politics and society in the 1930s and 1940s, makes this observation. 

Geographical Description of England

Except for Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire in the east, England's topography is low-lying but rarely flat. The area has many rolling hillsides, with the highest elevations in the north, north-west, and southwest. Intricate underlying structures have resulted in intricate patterns in the landscape. The oldest sedimentary rocks and some igneous rocks (found in isolated granite hills) are found in Cornwall and Devon, while the most recent alluvial soils are found in the Fens of Cambridgeshire, Lincolnshire, and Norfolk. Both the sandstone and limestone bands that separate these two regions date from prehistoric times when large sections of central and southern England were submerged under warm seas. Geological forces lifted and folded some of these rocks, forming northern England's spine. Scafell Pike, England's highest point, stands at 3,210 feet (978 metres) and is part of the world's highest mountain range. The northern mountains are mostly slate, while the southern mountains are mostly lava flows. Mountain ranges have developed from the North Downs at 965 feet (294 meters) to the Cotswolds at 1,083 feet (330 meters).

The Chiltern Hills, North Yorkshire Moors, Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Wolds, and Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Wolds were rounded into distinctive plateaus with west-facing escarpments during the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2,600,000 to 11,700 years ago). A land bridge connecting Britain to the rest of Europe was engulfed as the last glacial sheet melted. The retreating glaciers left behind gravel, sand, and glacial mud, further altering the land surface. Rain, rivers, and tides, as well as subsidence, have shaped the hills and coastline of eastern England. Limestone, gritstone, and carboniferous strata plateaus are associated with major coalfields, some visible as surface outcrops.

A great example of England's geologic complexity is its cliff structure. The chalk cliffs of Dover are made up of a series of sedimentary rocks of varying ages that start at Land's End in the far southwest and end at the Isle of Wight. The English coastline is dotted with cliffs, bays, and river estuaries that add to the overall beauty of the landscape. 

England's weather is as varied as its topography. The average temperature in England, like other temperate maritime zones, is moderate, ranging from around 35 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) in January to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 degrees Celsius) in July in the Thames river valley (32 degrees Celsius). Tacitus, the Roman historian, described it as "unpleasant" with "frequent rains and mists but no extreme cold." However, the higher elevations of England receive snow for roughly 50 days out of the year. In fact, the northwest and southwest of England are particularly "wet". These areas receive less than 30 inches (750 mm) of rain per year and are frequently subject to severe drought. Rainfall averages only 20 inches in parts of the southeast (500 mm). The weather has influenced English art and literature not only seasonally but also day-to-day and even hour-to-hour. The bumbershoot's moniker as the stereotypical English gentleman's walking stick is not accidental.

The Economy of England

In the 18th and 19th centuries, England's economy was primarily agricultural until the Industrial Revolution transformed it into a highly urbanized and industrialized region as a result of the Industrial Revolution. A result of the close proximity of coal and iron ore deposits, heavy industries (iron and steel, textiles, and shipbuilding) sprang up in the north-eastern counties, and they continue to thrive today. During the 1930s, the Great Depression and foreign competition both contributed to a decline in manufactured goods production and an increase in unemployment in the industrial north, which contributed to the Great Depression. Residents of these northern counties who were out of work were forced to relocate south to London and its environs. Because of urbanization and industrialization, the southeast has become dominated by industries such as automotive, chemical, electrical, and machine tool manufacturing. Despite the fact that population growth and urbanization significantly reduced farmland in England during the twentieth century, the geographical counties of Cornwall, Devon, Kent, Lincolnshire, Somerset, and North Yorkshire have retained a significant proportion of their agricultural land.

Another period of industrial decline occurred in the late twentieth century, during which coal mining was virtually phased out and job losses in industries such as iron and steel production, shipbuilding, and textile manufacturing were particularly severe. The decline of these industries had a disproportionately negative impact on the economies of the north and the Midlands, while the economies of the south remained relatively prosperous. By the turn of the twenty-first century, the service sector had taken over as the dominant sector of the English economy, with banking and other financial services, retail, distribution, media and entertainment, education, health care, and hotels and restaurants among the leading sectors.